Diseases & Conditions Archive

Surgery is usually warranted when bunion pain becomes disabling, a skin ulcer develops, or it's necessary to prevent a bunion from dislocating the second toe. However, recovery can be long and painful, and there's no guarantee that bunions won't come back. Prior to surgery, it might help to use strategies that reduce bunion pain, such as adding cushioning to shoes, stretching shoes where a bunion rubs against them, getting roomier shoes or shoes made with stretchy fabrics, and using toe spacers.

Diverticula-little pockets that develop in the lining of the colon-can become inflamed or infected and cause bloating, diarrhea, constipation, and pain in the lower left abdomen. The problem, called diverticulitis, might go away on its own, but first-time sufferers should report symptoms to the doctor right away. People with a history of diverticulitis can likely wait a day or two, but then call a doctor if symptoms don't improve. Treatment for diverticulitis ranges from rest, a clear liquid diet, and antibiotics to hospitalization or surgery.

A 2025 study suggested that people with sedentary jobs are at higher risk of developing insomnia, which can persist for many years.

Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (POTS) affects up to a million Americans, more than three-quarters of whom are women. A main feature of POTS is an intolerance to being upright. Symptoms include heart rate spikes, palpitations, dizziness, and fatigue. Risk factors include recent viral infection, surgery, concussion, or a long period of inactivity. POTS symptoms can be managed through exercising, drinking more fluids, increasing salt intake, wearing compression garments, and using counter-pulsation poses.

Nosebleeds are common, and dry air is the most prevalent cause. Other triggers include allergies, blood-thinning medications, or a deviated septum. People with frequent, heavy nosebleeds may need evaluation for a more serious underlying condition.

With ticks thriving in a wider geographic range, appearing earlier and sticking around later, it's important to stay vigilant about protecting yourself against ticks that cause Lyme disease and other illnesses. Learn some steps you can take to avoid tick bites.

Monitoring daily step count can encourage people to be more active. When it comes to assessing fitness or risk for major illnesses, though, is a new measurement that combines both average steps and heart rate better?