Digestive Health Archive

The digestion process slows as one ages, causing digested food to take its time moving along the gastrointestinal tract from the stomach through the intestines. The longer food stays in the digestive tract, the more opportunity there is for gas to be produced and build up, resulting in bloating. Recurrent bloating also can be caused by people’s reactions to certain foods, especially those that contain sugars called FODMAPs. Adjusting one’s diet to avoid trigger foods and taking over-the-counter remedies can help prevent and manage problem bloating.

In gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), stomach acid washes backward into the esophagus. This can cause symptoms such as heartburn, an acidic or metallic taste in the mouth, hoarse voice, chest pain, dry cough, post-nasal drip, or trouble swallowing. Symptoms can overlap with those of several other conditions. These include hiatal hernia, functional dyspepsia, eosinophilic esophagitis, esophageal spasms, or heart attack. Distinguishing GERD from other conditions may involve various tests, including an endoscopy to view the esophagus lining.

While many health symptoms resolve quickly on their own, others linger and make people wonder if they need to see a doctor. Symptoms that warrant a doctor’s visit include drawn-out cold symptoms such as fatigue, cough, and low-grade fever; a fever lasting more than four days; unexpected symptoms when starting a new medication or after surgery; certain digestive problems; and new or worsening mental health issues.

A small randomized controlled trial published in February 2025 suggests that eliminating oligosaccharides from the diet might be enough to ease symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome, as opposed to eliminating all the categories of food known as FODMAPs.

If you've ever had food poisoning caused by Salmonella bacteria, you know it's unpleasant but typically goes away within two to three days. You may not know that these bacteria sicken more than a million people in the US each year — and can be deadly for some. You can take steps to avoid getting sick.

Diverticula—little pockets that develop in the lining of the colon—can become inflamed or infected and cause bloating, diarrhea, constipation, and pain in the lower left abdomen. The problem, called diverticulitis, might go away on its own, but first-time sufferers should report symptoms to the doctor right away. People with a history of diverticulitis can likely wait a day or two, but then call a doctor if symptoms don't improve. Treatment for diverticulitis ranges from rest, a clear liquid diet, and antibiotics to hospitalization or surgery.