Heart Health

Keeping coffee to mornings may better protect the heart

Research we're watching

By , Executive Editor, Harvard Women's Health Watch
  • Reviewed by Toni Golen, MD, Editor in Chief, Harvard Women's Health Watch; Editorial Advisory Board Member, Harvard Health Publishing; Contributor
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Coffee being poured into a mug from a stainless steel vessel.

The study looked at data from nearly 41,000 adults (average age 47, 52% women) taking part in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey who were asked to report all the food and drink they consumed on at least one day, including whether, how much, and when they drank coffee (either caffeinated or decaffeinated). Researchers also assessed a smaller group of about 1,500 adults (53% women) who completed a detailed food and drink diary for a full week. The researchers then linked these data with participants’ individual death records over a period averaging nearly 10 years. About 36% of participants were morning coffee drinkers, while 16% drank coffee throughout the day; the remaining 48% didn’t drink coffee.

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About the Author

photo of Maureen Salamon

Maureen Salamon, Executive Editor, Harvard Women's Health Watch

Maureen Salamon is executive editor of Harvard Women’s Health Watch. She began her career as a newspaper reporter and later covered health and medicine for a wide variety of websites, magazines, and hospitals. Her work has … See Full Bio
View all posts by Maureen Salamon

About the Reviewer

photo of Toni Golen, MD

Toni Golen, MD, Editor in Chief, Harvard Women's Health Watch; Editorial Advisory Board Member, Harvard Health Publishing; Contributor

Dr. Toni Golen is a physician specializing in obstetrics and gynecology, practicing in Boston. Dr. Golen completed her residency training at George Washington University Medical Center in 1995, and is an associate professor at Harvard Medical … See Full Bio
View all posts by Toni Golen, MD
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