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Fitness with a function

Functional fitness is about improving everyday movements like bending, reaching, twisting, and squatting. Conventional exercises can strengthen the muscles needed to perform these movements, but older adults often need additional exercises that improve how the body moves when doing these actions. These can include sit-to-stand, walking, and chair twists and arm raises.

Exercise appears to lower atrial fibrillation and stroke risk

The link between exercise and atrial fibrillation (afib) and stroke prevention is now a little clearer, thanks to a Harvard study. It offers strong evidence that 150 minutes per week of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity is associated with a reduced risk for atrial fibrillation and stroke. Researchers aren’t surprised, since exercise helps the chambers of the heart contract and relax, while being sedentary increases afib and stroke risk. Other ways to ward off afib and stroke include treating sleep apnea, quitting smoking, and drinking only in moderation.

Why am I so tired after exercising?

Overtraining is the point at which people train so hard and for so many hours that recovery does not occur after regular periods of rest. This can lead to post-exercise fatigue. Many health issues also can cause the problem, such as anxiety, depression, an unhealthy diet, or poor sleep. Taking time off and spreading out exercise days often can improve fatigue. If not, see a doctor.

Tai chi offers similar benefits as conventional exercise

Tai chi helps improve balance and coordination, especially among older adults. Now, a study has shown that the ancient mind-body practice also can offer health benefits similar to conventional exercise like aerobics and strength training.

How low can you go?

Short-duration high-intensity interval training (HIIT) has been shown to have similar—and possibly better—health benefits than longer, lower-intensity exercise. HIIT workouts consist of quick spurts of draining physical effort, followed by rest, repeated multiple times, and usually last from 15 to 30 minutes. Research has found it’s possible to shrink HIIT workouts to five to 10 minutes—known as low-volume HIIT—and still receive benefits. Consistent intensity and attention to form and execution are needed to be effective.

Gentle exercises for older, frail people

Older, frail people with a history of heart problems may benefit from sessions with a physical therapy. Gentle, personalized exercise to improve strength and balance can help them avoid falls and preserve their independence. Falls are especially dangerous for people taking anti-clotting medications (which are prescribed for many heart problems) because these drugs increase the risk of bleeding. Physical therapists can check a person’s heart rate, breathing rate, blood pressure, and oxygen saturation at rest and then after a short period of exercise to make sure they’re exercising at an appropriate level.

The best types of exercise when you have hip or knee pain

Non-weight-bearing exercise takes the burden off the hips and knees and makes it easier for people with joint pain to exercise. Exercise machines that are gentle on the joints include an elliptical trainer, a stationary bike, and a rowing machine. Low-impact exercises can also provide a good cardio workout and muscle strengthening without stressing the joints. Examples include pool exercises, tai chi, and short walks at a brisk pace.

Exercise challenge: Part 2

Performing exercises such as side planks, bridges, and squats can improve muscle strength. Ideally, people should do weight-bearing exercises at least twice a week. Having stronger muscles improves balance, protects bone health, and can help keep people independent as they age. It can also reduce pain from conditions such as osteoarthritis.

Get SMART about your fitness goals

You are more likely to achieve and maintain your fitness goal if it revolves around a specific purpose or cause in one’s life. This helps you define the structure and direction to adopt the right exercise program to help fulfill it. The SMART approach—Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Relevant, and Timely—helps you define your fitness goal and create a realistic path to achieve it.

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