Arthritis Archive

For people with knee osteoarthritis, walking pattern (called gait) matters. Pain can lead to habits like shuffling or shortening steps, increasing joint stress. Gait training, along with strengthening, stretching, and balance, can help normalize walking, improve stability, and reduce knee strain.

The pain and stiffness of arthritis can make driving difficult, affecting range of motion, grip, and getting in and out of a car. Managing symptoms, using adaptive devices, positioning yourself correctly in the car, and knowing your limits can help you drive comfortably and safely.

If total knee replacement is needed for both knees and symptoms in both are equally severe, bilateral knee replacement can be done, either in one surgery or in stages. Replacing both knees at once may be a good option for people under 75 with no major medical conditions and support at home.

In a 2025 study, people with knee osteoarthritis reported less pain and had less knee cartilage damage after changing their walking gait to reduce pressure on the inner part of the knee.

An analysis of 217 trials found that lower-impact aerobic exercise (walking, cycling, and swimming) is most effective for easing knee osteoarthritis pain and improving function. Other exercise types, such as flexibility, mind-body, neuromotor, and strengthening, also offer benefits.

Among 12 physical therapy approaches for knee osteoarthritis compared in a 2025 study, three stood out. Knee braces, followed by hydrotherapy (exercise in water) and exercise (strength training and aerobics), were best for reducing pain and stiffness and improving physical function.

Arthritis in the joint at the base of thumb (the carpometacarpal joint) can cause pain, weakness, and instability. It can seriously impair the ability to function. Thumb arthritis is diagnosed with a physical examination and x-rays. It can be managed with occupational therapy, which includes learning optimal hand positions and exercises and wearing a hand splint. Pain relief options include heat, pain medications, and cortisone injections. If these are inadequate or the condition is severe, surgery is an option.

Women live longer than men. However, that longevity gap in the United States has increased to 5.8 years, the largest gap since 1996, according to a 2024 study. Why the widening gap? Researchers believe that in many cases, women are better than men at addressing certain health needs that contribute to longer lives, such as losing excess weight, quitting smoking, getting regular skin check-ups, and not ignoring mental health issues.

Hand therapy is an effective way to overcome lost hand function due to injuries or underlying conditions. A course of therapy typically lasts for six weeks. It involves working with a certified hand therapist (CHT) who can develop and then guide someone through a tailored program of physical and functional exercises. CHTs also can make splints, offer emotional support, and help people learn to manage hand pain and swelling. It’s best to start hand therapy before an injured hand has healed completely.