Rheumatoid arthritis

  • Reviewed by Robert H. Shmerling, MD, Senior Faculty Editor, Harvard Health Publishing; Editorial Advisory Board Member, Harvard Health Publishing

Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic autoimmune disease in which the body’s immune system attacks healthy tissue, primarily the tissue lining the joints. This causes joint inflammation that is characterized by swelling, pain, redness, and stiffness. The disease typically affects multiple joints at once, especially in the hands and feet.

Rheumatoid arthritis affects more than 1.3 million people in the United States. RA can be painful and interfere with your ability to carry out daily activities. There is no cure for RA, but treatments such as medication, physical therapy, lifestyle changes, and surgery can slow the progress of the disease, manage inflammation and pain, and reduce joint damage.

Doctor examines a patient's hands.

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