Staying Healthy Archive

It appears that health anxiety may be associated with a greater risk for developing heart disease.

Bleeding

While a minor cut will eventually stop bleeding, a severe injury may require elevation and direct pressure on the wound. The goals of first-aid treatment are to control bleeding and prevent infection. If disposable surgical gloves are readily available, use them.

Butterfly Bandages

Direct Pressure for Bleeding and Pressure Points for Bleeding

How to Stop a Nosebleed

Birth of the Placenta

The placenta, which has provided the fetus with nourishment, is attached to the umbilical cord and is delivered about 20 minutes after the baby. Do not pull on the cord; delivery of the placenta occurs on its own. You can help by gently massaging the woman’s lower abdomen. The uterus will feel like a hard round mass.

Massaging the abdomen helps the uterus contract, which also helps stop bleeding. After the placenta is delivered, place it in a plastic bag to take with the woman and baby to the hospital. It is normal for more bleeding to occur after delivery of the placenta. Continue gently massaging the woman’s lower abdomen.

Butterfly Bandage

Direct Pressure to Stop Bleeding

A wound that is deep, bleeding heavily, or has blood spurting from it (caused by bleeding from an artery), may not clot and may not stop bleeding.

Immediate care
Call out for someone to get help, or call 911 yourself. Elevate the wound and apply direct pressure.

After a Heart Attack

Questions to Discuss with Your Doctor:

• Have you had chest pain or pressure since you were discharged from the hospital?
• How severe is it?
• How long does it last?
• Does it stay in your chest or radiate to other parts of your body?
• Did you have this pain before your heart attack? What brings it on? How frequently do you get it?
• What were you doing just prior to the chest pain?
• Do you ever get chest pain or pressure at rest?
• What relieves the chest pain?
• If you take nitroglycerin, how many doses do you usually need to take before the pain goes away?
• How often do you take nitroglycerin?
• Do you get short of breath when you lie down or exert yourself?
• Do you awaken in the middle of the night short of breath?
• Do your ankles swell?
• Do you ever feel lightheaded?
• Have you fainted?
• Do you get rapid or pounding heartbeat for no reason?
• Do you know what each of the medications you are taking does?
• Do you know the side effects of each medication?
• Are you having any side effects?
• Are you taking an aspirin every day?
• Are you doing everything you can to modify the risk factors that can worsen your coronary artery disease (cigarette smoking, high blood pressure, high cholesterol, and diabetes are the most important risk factors)?
• Are you participating in a supervised exercise program?
• Are you resuming your normal activities?
• Are you sexually active?
• Have you returned to work?
• Have you been feeling depressed since your heart attack?
• Have you been able to reduce the stress in your life?
• Have you been fatigued?

Your Doctor Might Examine the Following Body Structures or Functions:

• Heart rate, blood pressure, and weight
• Pulses in your wrist, groin, and feet
• Listen over the major arteries in the neck, groin, and feet (for abnormal noises)
• Look at the veins in the neck to see if there is extra fluid in your body
• Heart and lungs
• Ankles and legs (for swelling)

Your Doctor Might Order the Following Lab Tests or Studies:

• Blood tests for glucose, lipid panel (cholesterol levels) and C-reactive protein (CRP)
• Electrocardiogram
• Echocardiogram
• Exercise stress test

Colonic Polyps

Questions to Discuss with Your Doctor:

• Do you have a family history of colonic polyps?
• Do you have bleeding from the rectum or bloody stools?
• Do you frequently have rectal pain or the sensation of needing to have a bowel movement?
• Do you have anemia (low blood count)?
• Do you have a family history of colon cancer?

Your Doctor Might Examine the Following Body Structures or Functions:

• Abdominal exam
• Rectal exam

Your Doctor Might Order the Following Lab Tests or Studies:

• Stool testing for blood
• Complete blood count
• Sigmoidoscopy or colonoscopy, possibly with a biopsy or removal of a polyp (if one is found)

Crohn's Disease

Questions to Discuss with Your Doctor:

• Do you have abdominal pain or cramping?
• Do you have diarrhea, fevers, fatigue, rectal pain, or bloody stools?
• Have you recently lost weight?
• Is there a family history of inflammatory bowel disease?
• How many times a year do you get pain flare-ups?
• Do you have episodes of joint pain or swelling?
• Are you taking any medications?

Your Doctor Might Examine the Following Body Structures or Functions:

• Temperature, blood pressure, heart rate
• Careful abdominal exam
• Rectal exam

Your Doctor Might Order the Following Lab Tests or Studies:

• Sigmoidoscopy or colonoscopy
• Stool sample to look for the presence of blood, white blood cells, and to culture
• Complete blood count and other blood tests
• CT scan or MRI of the abdomen

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD)

Questions to Discuss with Your Doctor:

• Do you get a burning sensation in your chest or throat after eating?
• Do you ever have a bitter or sour taste in your mouth?
• Do you ever have bloating or nausea after you eat?
• How often do you get these symptoms?
• What do you do to relieve the symptoms?
• Are the symptoms related to physical exertion?
• Are the symptoms worse when you are lying down or sitting up?
• Have you noticed any black stools?
• Do you have a persistent cough?
• Do you have a history of ulcer disease?
• Are you taking any medications, especially ones that can irritate the esophagus or stomach, such as aspirin, ibuprofen, naproxen or tetracycline?
• Do you drink alcohol or smoke?
• How soon after you eat at night do you go to bed?
• Have you tried any over-the-counter medications? If so, do they help?

Your Doctor Might Examine the Following Body Structures or Functions:

• Chest and lung exam
• Abdominal exam

Your Doctor Might Order the Following Lab Tests or Studies:

• Upper endoscopy (internal examination of the esophagus and stomach)
• pH probe (to assess the acid level in the esophagus and stomach)
• Manometry (to measure the pressure of the sphincter between the esophagus and the stomach)
• Stool testing for blood
• Complete blood cell count