Sleep Archive

Declining muscle mass is part of aging, but that does not mean you are helpless to stop it.

The saying goes there are two certainties in life: death and taxes. But men should also add loss of muscle mass to the list.

Age-related muscle loss, called sarcopenia, is a natural part of aging. After age 30, you begin to lose as much as 3% to 5% per decade. Most men will lose about 30% of their muscle mass during their lifetimes.

Sex does not appear to trigger a heart attack or increase your risk for a second one, suggests a study in the Sept. 21, 2015, issue of the Journal of the American College of Cardiology.

Experts looked at 536 heart attack survivors ages 30 to 70 and evaluated their sexual activity in the 12 months prior to their heart attack. Sexual activity was divided into three categories: less than once a month, less than once a week, and once or more per week.

Ask the doctors

Q: I just read that we shouldn't be getting more than 10% of our calories from sugar. Should I cut back on fruit?

A: While it's a good idea to limit sugars from processed foods, you can worry less about eating too much fruit. In fact, one small study found no ill effects in people who ate 20 servings of fruit a day for 12 to 24 weeks.

Medicare Advantage plans are offering home visits to healthy people who have their own doctors. Their purpose isn't clear.

For many of the 17 million people insured by a Medicare Advantage plan, the offer of a home visit may come as a surprise. (Medicare Advantage plans, which cover about a third of Medicare recipients, are offered by private companies approved by Medicare, and Medicare reimburses those companies for part of the care they pay for.) According to the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services, home visits are on the increase among people with these plans, and not just among the sick or housebound. Patients who are healthy and mobile are also being offered home visits, and millions have undergone them.

What are home visits?

The home visit—which typically lasts 45 minutes to one hour and includes a physical exam, health history, and lab tests—is conducted by a nurse practitioner or physician under contract to the insurance plan. The results are forwarded to the person's primary care provider for follow-up. The insurers stress that the home visits are not a substitute for an annual physical or recommended screening tests.

Although poor health can lead to unhappiness and a shorter life, unhappiness alone is not associated with a shorter life span, according to a recent report from the Million Woman Study. That investigation has followed hundreds of thousands of women throughout the United Kingdom beginning in 1996 and has tracked deaths among the participants.

In the third year of the study, the women were asked to rate their health, happiness, stress, feelings of control, and whether they felt relaxed. When the researchers looked at data from 720,000 women with a median age of 59, they found that 83% reported being generally happy and 17% said they were unhappy. During 10 years of follow-up, 4% of participants died. When the researchers factored out poor health, which was strongly associated with unhappiness, they found that the risk of dying was essentially the same for happy and unhappy women. The study was published online Dec. 6, 2015, by The Lancet.

This ancient practice can transform the way you think about food and set the stage for a lifetime of healthy eating.

Like most of us, you've probably eaten something in the past few hours. And, like many of us, you may not be able to recall everything you ate, let alone the sensation of eating it. According to a 2011 report from the U.S. Department of Agriculture, the average American spends two-and-a-half hours a day eating, but more than half the time, we're doing something else, too. Because we're working, driving, reading, watching television, or fiddling with an electronic device, we're not fully aware of what we're eating. And this mindless eating—a lack of awareness of the food we're consuming—may be contributing to the national obesity epidemic and other health issues, says Dr. Lilian Cheung, a nutritionist and lecturer at Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health.

Image: Bigstock

The microorganisms that inhabit your body can be valuable allies in reducing inflammation and treating disease.

Not too long ago, we thought of all germs as enemies to be destroyed with antibacterial soaps and antibiotic drugs. In the last few years, it's become apparent that the war on microbes is not just a futile enterprise, but also one that could be harmful to our health. The more we learn about the human microbiome—the trillions of single-celled organisms that colonize our skin, nose, digestive system, and vagina—the more we realize that the microscopic critters that live on us and in us may be as important to our health as our body cells.

Image: Bigstock

Experts' advice has changed as we've learned more about the connection between physical activity and health.

If exercise could be packed into a pill, it would be the single most widely prescribed and beneficial medicine in the nation.

Image: Bigstock

Ask the doctor

Q. I have difficulty falling asleep, and melatonin has not worked. I want to avoid medications and I have read magnesium supplements can help. Should I try them?

A. Magnesium is an important element in many biological functions, including nerve and muscle function, so it is often proposed as a natural treatment. It has gained some acceptance as a preventive treatment for migraine headaches, but there is not strong scientific evidence for its use with insomnia.