Cancer
Cancer is the catchall term applied to diseases caused by the uncontrolled growth of abnormal cells. Cancer isn't one disease. It is many different diseases, more than 100 and counting.
Each kind of cancer is usually named for the cell type in which it begins — cancer that starts in a lung is called lung cancer; cancer that starts in pigment cells in the skin, which are known as melanocytes, is called melanoma.
When detected and treated early, cancer can often be stopped. That said, cancer is a leading cause of death and disability around the world.
Cancer Articles
Much research has suggested that certain foods and nutrients may help prevent—or, conversely, contribute to—certain types of cancer. While it is not 100% certain that consuming more or less of certain foods or nutrients will guarantee cancer protection, science has found that processed meats, high-glycemic-index foods, calcium, and antioxidant-rich foods may have the greatest influence on a person’s risk.
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Beverages consumed at temperatures above 150° F may contribute to esophageal cancer.
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Research has found that people with high levels of the oral bacteria Porphyromonas gingivalis had a 59% greater risk of developing pancreatic cancer. It is too early to say whether this specific bacterium directly contributes to the disease. However, one theory is that since inflammation is related to cancer, the bacteria could cause inflammation in the pancreas. Another possibility is the bacteria are simply a marker for cancer-causing inflammation.
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It appears people with the highest levels of physical activity have lower rates of cancer of the esophagus, lung, kidney, colon, head and neck, rectum, bladder and breast, compared with people with the lowest levels of physical activity.
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It appears that four healthy habits—getting 150 minutes of moderate-intensity exercise per week, maintaining a body mass index between 18.5 and 27.5, no smoking, and drinking only in moderation—may prevent many cancer cases and death in white people.
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A group of scientists wants to develop technology to create a synthetic human genome, which could lead to improved organ transplantation, vaccines and medicines, and to new ways to fight cancer and infections.
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Mounting evidence suggests that aspirin therapy may help reduce the risk of developing colorectal cancer. The U.S. Preventive Services Task Force recommends that some people consider taking aspirin to prevent this cancer.
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Personalizing breast cancer diagnosis and treatment has resulted in therapies that are more effective and less toxic than in the past. Survivors are also benefiting from better supportive care.
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Many cancer-suppressing treatments, including chemotherapy, radiation, and newer targeted therapies, can have undesirable effects on the heart and blood vessels. Those at greatest risk include people treated during childhood or after age 65, as well as people who have recurrent cancer and other risk factors for heart disease. Cancer survivors should stay vigilant for new cardiovascular symptoms during and after treatment and report them right away to their primary care doctor or oncologist.
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It appears that many older adults are getting unnecessary screenings for breast and prostate cancer.
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